Laryngitis
Strep throat is an inflammtion of the throat or pharynx. Strep throat is actually not the name of the disease. He was but a symptom of various diseases that occur. In terms of health, strep throat is called a sore throat or pharyngitis.
As in many types of inflammation, sore throat can be acute - quickly and usually characterized by a relatively short start - or chronic.
Acute laryngitis may cause swollen tonsils that causes difficulty breathing and swallowing, sometimes accompanied by a cough or fever.
Cause
Strep throat can be caused by a veriety of causes, be due to viral infection, bacterial infections, fungal infections to allergies and irritation, among which are:
1. Virus, 80% of sore throats are caused by viruses, can cause fever.
2. Coughs and colds. where the cough and phlegm (mucus) can also irritate the throat.
3. Coxsackie virus (hand,foot,and mouth disease).
4. Allergy. Allergies can cause mild irritation of the throat that is chronic (persistent).
5. Streptococcal bacteria, confirmed by throat culture. This test is generally performed in the laboratory using the patient's throat swab. Can be found the classic symptoms of streptococcal bacteria such as severe pain on swallowing, visible white spots, vomiting-vomiting, ulcers on the thyroid gland, accompanied by enlarged tonsils.
6. Smoking.
From various causes, the most common cause is a viral infection. the most common bacteria that cause strep throat is the streptococcus bacteria around 15-30 percent of cases.
Senin, 16 Juli 2012
Kamis, 12 Juli 2012
Ten top Tips on weight management
1. When you frist feel a pang of hunger, don't reach for the regular sugary carbo snack, instead, reach for an 8 oz. glass of clean purified water. This will suppress the feeling of hunger that's often mistaken when the body really wants water anyway.
2. At meal time, stop eating when you are about 80% complete. it takes the brain about 20 minutes to register food is on the way and this is a great way to control the serving size and still eat well.
3. When indulnging on "evil" foods like dessert trays (we all do), don't try to eat them all! Instead take 1 or 2 samples and really enjoy each without guilt. if you can't resist fast food, ask for nutritional information before you make your choices. Avoid any menu items with the words "fried", "crispy" and "special sauce," which are guarenteed to be high calorie.
4. Eat lots of fresh fruits between meals and the best time to eat fruit is either 20 minutes before a meal or midway between meals as it help regulate your blood sugar and diminish cravings.
5. Eat fresh vegetables with every lunch and evening meal. When you are selecting the main course always try to avoid mixing proteins (meats) with starches (breads and potatoes). Canned and frozen fruits and veggies lose nutrient value so you you'll need to increase your servings to get the notritional value of market fresh produce. Organic recommended.
6. Keep your consumption of animal proteins to not more than 4-5 servings per week which means some days you should be consuming vegetarian dishes. Eat at least three kinds of food each meal from these four categories: breads, cereals, and grains should be the foundation of each meal, with protein as an accompaniment.
7. Do substitute animal proteins with legumes, but start slowly. You can use lentils, dry beans and peas and you'd be amazed at just how delicious the recipes are.
8. Do Not drink liquids with your meals. If you are thirsty, try to have a glass of clean water 10 minutes or so before the meal. While you are eating, you want your body to be efficient at degesting to weight gain. Minimize the amount of sodas, juices, store-bought smoothies, sports drinks, coffee drinks, and alcohol you consume.
9. Don't wait fill you're starving to eat as this will only encourage binging. Also don't skip breakfast.Eat within two hours of waking. Be sure to have a snack of veggies and a fruit with you between meals and drink water which will help avert feelings of starvation and cravings.
10. Do Overdose on vegetables! Have 7-10 cups or more a day and look for ways to enjoy them raw like having a good dip. When you want your veggies cooked, lightly stream them to persevere their essential nutrients. (No one ever gained weight eating veggies)!
Other Nutritional Rules
* Shoot for a gradual loss of body fat. You're more likely to put the weight back on (and more) if you drop weight too quickly.
* To lose 4.5 kilogrames of body fat a year, you need to eat 100 calories less per day. Cutting too many calories from your daily intake will sap your energy level and increase your hunger, making you more susceptible to splurging on high-calorie foods.
* In fact, eat more breakfast than you think you should. Trade in some of your dinner calories for more calories at breakfast. Don't allow yourself to get hungry. Eat at least every four hours, and split a meal in half to make sure you properly fuel up pre and post run. For example, eat part of your breakfast before your morning run (a banana) and the rest of your breakfast afterward (a bagel with peanut butter).
*Eat closer to the earth, enjoying fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Minimize the amount of processed foods you eat; they thend to offer less fiber and are less satiating.
* Remember that the calories in the energy bars, sports drinks, and gels you consume during a run add up, even though you're running. Consume them only as needed.
2. At meal time, stop eating when you are about 80% complete. it takes the brain about 20 minutes to register food is on the way and this is a great way to control the serving size and still eat well.
3. When indulnging on "evil" foods like dessert trays (we all do), don't try to eat them all! Instead take 1 or 2 samples and really enjoy each without guilt. if you can't resist fast food, ask for nutritional information before you make your choices. Avoid any menu items with the words "fried", "crispy" and "special sauce," which are guarenteed to be high calorie.
4. Eat lots of fresh fruits between meals and the best time to eat fruit is either 20 minutes before a meal or midway between meals as it help regulate your blood sugar and diminish cravings.
5. Eat fresh vegetables with every lunch and evening meal. When you are selecting the main course always try to avoid mixing proteins (meats) with starches (breads and potatoes). Canned and frozen fruits and veggies lose nutrient value so you you'll need to increase your servings to get the notritional value of market fresh produce. Organic recommended.
6. Keep your consumption of animal proteins to not more than 4-5 servings per week which means some days you should be consuming vegetarian dishes. Eat at least three kinds of food each meal from these four categories: breads, cereals, and grains should be the foundation of each meal, with protein as an accompaniment.
7. Do substitute animal proteins with legumes, but start slowly. You can use lentils, dry beans and peas and you'd be amazed at just how delicious the recipes are.
8. Do Not drink liquids with your meals. If you are thirsty, try to have a glass of clean water 10 minutes or so before the meal. While you are eating, you want your body to be efficient at degesting to weight gain. Minimize the amount of sodas, juices, store-bought smoothies, sports drinks, coffee drinks, and alcohol you consume.
9. Don't wait fill you're starving to eat as this will only encourage binging. Also don't skip breakfast.Eat within two hours of waking. Be sure to have a snack of veggies and a fruit with you between meals and drink water which will help avert feelings of starvation and cravings.
10. Do Overdose on vegetables! Have 7-10 cups or more a day and look for ways to enjoy them raw like having a good dip. When you want your veggies cooked, lightly stream them to persevere their essential nutrients. (No one ever gained weight eating veggies)!
Other Nutritional Rules
* Shoot for a gradual loss of body fat. You're more likely to put the weight back on (and more) if you drop weight too quickly.
* To lose 4.5 kilogrames of body fat a year, you need to eat 100 calories less per day. Cutting too many calories from your daily intake will sap your energy level and increase your hunger, making you more susceptible to splurging on high-calorie foods.
* In fact, eat more breakfast than you think you should. Trade in some of your dinner calories for more calories at breakfast. Don't allow yourself to get hungry. Eat at least every four hours, and split a meal in half to make sure you properly fuel up pre and post run. For example, eat part of your breakfast before your morning run (a banana) and the rest of your breakfast afterward (a bagel with peanut butter).
*Eat closer to the earth, enjoying fruits, vegetables, and whole grains. Minimize the amount of processed foods you eat; they thend to offer less fiber and are less satiating.
* Remember that the calories in the energy bars, sports drinks, and gels you consume during a run add up, even though you're running. Consume them only as needed.
Rabu, 04 Juli 2012
Cholesterol & Heart Disease
Cardiovascular disease is the leading is the leading cause of death among men and women, with most deaths resulting from coronary heart disease approximately 10 years later than men, each year more women than men die from cardiovascular disease. Although cardiovascular disease in women is known to be a major threat to life, women are still more afraid of breast cancer. The gap between the perceived and actual risk of heart disease in women may impede the adoption of effective preventive strategies.
What is the connection?
Blood cholesterol level has a lot to do with your chances of getting heart disease. It is one of the major risk factors for heart disease. in fact, the higher your blood cholesterol level, the greater your risk fore developing heart disease or having a heart attack. When there is too much cholesterol (a fat-like substance) in your blood, it builds up in the walls of your arteries. Over time, this buildup causes "hardening of the arteries" so that arteries become narrowed and blood cholesterol itself does not cause symptoms; so many people are unaware that their cholesterol level is too high. It is important to find out what your cholesterol numbers are because lowering cholesterol levels that are too high lessens the risk for developing heart disease and reduces the chance of a heart attack or dying of heart disease, even if you already have it. Cholesterol lowering is important for everyone-younger, middle age, and older adults; women and men; and people with or without heart disease.
What Do Your Cholesterol Numbers Mean?
Everyone age 20 and older should have his or her cholesterol measured at least once every 5 years. It is best to have a blood test called a "lipoprotein profile" to find out your cholesterol numbers. This blood test is done affer a 9- to 12-hour fast and gives information about your:
* Total cholesterol
* LDL (bad) cholesterol-the main source of cholesterol buildup and blockage in the arteries
* HDL (good) cholesterol-helps keep cholesterol from building up in the arteries
* Triglycerides-another form of fat in your blood
if it is not possible to get a lipoprotein profile done, knowing your total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol can give you a general idea about your cholesterol levels. if your total cholesterol is 200 mg/dl* or more or if your HDL is less than 40mg/dl, you will need to have a lipoprotein profile done.
Know your numbers
What is the connection?
Blood cholesterol level has a lot to do with your chances of getting heart disease. It is one of the major risk factors for heart disease. in fact, the higher your blood cholesterol level, the greater your risk fore developing heart disease or having a heart attack. When there is too much cholesterol (a fat-like substance) in your blood, it builds up in the walls of your arteries. Over time, this buildup causes "hardening of the arteries" so that arteries become narrowed and blood cholesterol itself does not cause symptoms; so many people are unaware that their cholesterol level is too high. It is important to find out what your cholesterol numbers are because lowering cholesterol levels that are too high lessens the risk for developing heart disease and reduces the chance of a heart attack or dying of heart disease, even if you already have it. Cholesterol lowering is important for everyone-younger, middle age, and older adults; women and men; and people with or without heart disease.
What Do Your Cholesterol Numbers Mean?
Everyone age 20 and older should have his or her cholesterol measured at least once every 5 years. It is best to have a blood test called a "lipoprotein profile" to find out your cholesterol numbers. This blood test is done affer a 9- to 12-hour fast and gives information about your:
* Total cholesterol
* LDL (bad) cholesterol-the main source of cholesterol buildup and blockage in the arteries
* HDL (good) cholesterol-helps keep cholesterol from building up in the arteries
* Triglycerides-another form of fat in your blood
if it is not possible to get a lipoprotein profile done, knowing your total cholesterol and HDL cholesterol can give you a general idea about your cholesterol levels. if your total cholesterol is 200 mg/dl* or more or if your HDL is less than 40mg/dl, you will need to have a lipoprotein profile done.
Know your numbers
Total Cholesterol level Category
- <200mg/dl - Desirable
- 200-239mg/dl - Borderline High
- >240 mg/dl and above - High
My Health My Life, My resolution Page 1 of 2
# Cholesterol levels are measured in milligrams (mg) of cholestorol per deciller (dl) of blood.
HDL cholesterol protects against heart disease, higher numbers are better. A level less than 40 mg/dl is low and is considered a mojor risk factor because it increases your risk for developing heart disease. HDL levels of 60 mg/dl or more help to lower your risk for heart disease. Triglycerides can also raise heart disease risk. Levels that are borderline high (150-199mg/dl) or high (200 mg/dl or more) may need treatment in some people.
TUMMY ACHES: HANDY TIPS TO HELP YOU FEEL BETTER!
Abdominal pain can be acute and sudden in onsef, or the pain can be chronic and longstanding. Abdominal pain may be minor and of no great significance, or it can reflect a major problem involving one of the organs in the abdomen. The characteristics of the pain location, timing, duration, etc. are important in diagnosing its cause. Persisting abdominal pain should be evaluated by a physician.
* Take one or 2 ACTAL to relieve acidity and or heartburn or a sachet of ENO to relieve heartburn, acidity, and discomfort due to overeating.
* Drink ginger beer or ginger soda, or try sucking on a piece of fresh ginger. A cup of ginger tea or a cauple ginger snap cookies might also help to relieve upset stomach and reduce nausea.
* Sip a cup of peppermint or chamomile tea if your stomach is upset. both of these teas soothe upset stomachs, reduce gas and help the stomach to calm down so spasms stop. if you are experiencing heartburn with your stomach ache, though, stick to chamomile, because the peppermint might aggravate the heartburn.
* lie down and elevate your feet on a couple of pillows. Close your eyes and do some deep breathing. Applying a heating pad to your stomach while you are lying down might also give you relief from your stomach ache. Use a hot water bottle pressed to your abdomen, but be careful it's not too hot to burn you or try taking a warm bath and relaxing for a little bit in the tub.
* Turnover and lay on your stomach if your stomach ache feela like it is caused by trapped gas. Putting pressure on your stomach may cause the gas move around and come out, giving you relief from the pain.
* Drink plenty of fluid and eat plenty of fiber to reduce symtoms associated with constipation.
* Eat crackers or toast. Sometimes stomach aches are caused by too much acid floating around in your stomach with nothing to do. these foods will help absorb the acid to make things a little more comfortable. Also, sipping a glass of water will help to the acid in your stomach.
* Lie on your left side for 5 minutes on a comfortable couch or bed to see whether it will allow you to burp. This is because the stomach is on the left side of the body and the esophagus enters the stomach on the right. So, the bubbles of gas can rise to that entry poit and make a burp possible.
* Try carbonated beverages such as ginger ale, carbonated mineral water, or tonic water (with quinine, it tastes good and it works!)
* In case of acidity, it is a good idea to drink milk which is a base and neutralizes acid.
See a doctor if you experience severe abdominal pain that comes on suddenly, or if you are experiencing rectal bleeding, vomiting or fever. You should also see a doctor if your stomach aches lasts for more than 24 hours.
Selasa, 03 Juli 2012
ASTHMA
When a casualty comes into contact with something that irritates their airwasys (an asthma trigger) the muscles around the walls of the airways will start to tighten, go into spasm and become narrower making breathing difficult. The lining of the airway becomes inflamed; and sometimes the mucus that cleans and protects the lining of the airways builds up and gets in the way of the air that is trying to reach the lungs.
Check out the asthma movie to see all in action.
What is an asthma trgger?
An asthma trigger is anything that irritates airways. Everyone's asthma is different. Common asthma triggers include:
* Viral infections (colds or 'flu)
* Allergies (e.g. to pollen, animals,house-dust mites and some foods)
* Irritants (e.g. cold air, tobacco smoke, chemical fumes)
* Exercise
What are asthma symptoms?
Asthma symptoms can vary. You may find that your casualty:
* Coughs or wheezes, particularly during the night, after exercise or with a cold (although not all with asthma will wheeze)
* Has a cough that will not go away and keeps coming back
* Finds it difficult to breathe and feel breathless
* Complains of having a tight feeling in their chest or a sure tummy
* Feels tired, does not run around as much as usual
TREATMENT
* Reassure and calm the casualty.
* Advise the casualty to sit down, lean slightly forward, resting on elbows on a support such as a table.
* Ensure a good supply of fresh air.
* Allow the casualty to take own medication as prescribed by a doctor.
if the symptoms persist seek medical aid
Asthma treatments
There are two main kinds of asthma treatment that yuor doctor may prescribe. They are called relievers and preventers.
Relievers
Everyone with asthma should have a reliever inhaker. Relievers are treatments taken to relieve asthma symptoms. They quickly relax the muscles surrounding the narrowed airways (within 5-10 minutes), making it easier to breathe again. Reliever inhalers are usually blue.
What about side effects?
Reliever treatments are very safe and effective and have few side effects. Sometimes, high doses of reliever treatment can slightly increase the heartbeat or give mild muscle shakes. These effects are harmless and generally wear off after a short period of time. it is not possible to everdose on reliever treatment.
Preventers
Preventers help to control swelling and inflammation in the airways. They also stop the airways from being so sensitive to asthma triggers. The protective effect of preventer treatments builds up over a period of time, so it is important that you take them every day, even if you are feeling well. preventer inhalers are usually brown, red or orange. Preventer treatments will not relieve sudden attacks of wheezing or breathlessness.
What about side effects?
Preventer treatments usually contain corticosteroids in low doses - a copy of the steroids produced naturally in our bodies. these steroids are very safe, not addictive and are completely different to the anobolic steroids used by body builders and athletes.
Using a preventer inhaler brings a small risk of a mouth infection called thrush and hoarseness of the voice. Using a spacer can reduce the risk of this.
Dislocation
Dislocation is the discharge joint head of the bowl. Dislocation is an emergency that requires immediate assistance.
A joint that has experienced dislocation, ligmen - ligmennya usually become loose. Consequently it would be easy joint dislocation again. If the dislocation was accompanied fractures, correction is difficult and must be done in the hospital. The earlier return of the joint venture is created, the better the healing. But if affter being sent to the hospital with an injured joint is dibidai.
Handling
1. By manipulating the heart - the heart, straightened back surface. This action often requires general anesthesia to relax the muscles - bib.
2. Open surgery may be needed especially if the soft tissue sandwiched between the joint surfaces.
3. These joints, presumed by splinting with plaster. For example: in the hip joints, to provide relief to the ligament is stretched.
4. Physiotherapy should be started immediately to maintain muscle function and Latcher (exercise) enabled may be initiated at an early stage to encourage the full joint movement, especially in the shoulder joint.
A joint that has experienced dislocation, ligmen - ligmennya usually become loose. Consequently it would be easy joint dislocation again. If the dislocation was accompanied fractures, correction is difficult and must be done in the hospital. The earlier return of the joint venture is created, the better the healing. But if affter being sent to the hospital with an injured joint is dibidai.
Handling
1. By manipulating the heart - the heart, straightened back surface. This action often requires general anesthesia to relax the muscles - bib.
2. Open surgery may be needed especially if the soft tissue sandwiched between the joint surfaces.
3. These joints, presumed by splinting with plaster. For example: in the hip joints, to provide relief to the ligament is stretched.
4. Physiotherapy should be started immediately to maintain muscle function and Latcher (exercise) enabled may be initiated at an early stage to encourage the full joint movement, especially in the shoulder joint.
Minggu, 01 Juli 2012
ARTHRITIS
Arthritis
Arthiritis is inflammation of one or more joints, which is accompanied by pain, swelling, stiffness, and limitation of motion.
Artrhitis can occur due to infection or without infection. release of inflammatory mediators from leukocytes, chondrocytes, causing loss of proteoglycans and sinoviosit ektraselular cartilage matrix, resulting in damage to the bone. Damage and loss of collagen and chondroctes may lead to chenges that can not be returned.
There are 100 froms of arthritis. The most common form, namely osteoarthritis in the joints caused by trauma, infection in the joint, or age. Other Artitis namely rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and autoimmune diseases. Septic arthritis caused by infection of the joints.
Handling
1. Bring out the primrose oil. Take 2 capsules twice daily primrose oil can help control pain and inflammation caused by arthritis. You can also try salmon oil for this purpose - it exerts the same action as primrose oil.
2. Ever heard of superoxide dismutase? Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a proven free radical destroyer. this may help in preventing the disease from getting worse.
3. Take supplements of calcium and magnesium - minerals are necessary to prevent further bone loss. For best results, take 2,000 milligrams of calcium and 1,000 milligrams of magnesium each day. It would be advisable to use a chelate from of this supplement - they are most effective.
4. Coenzyme Q10 - this has been shown to improve tissue oxygenation and assist in the repair of damaged connective tissue.
5. Try the garlic power - Take 2 adorless garlic capsules 3 times a day will greatly inhibit the formation of free radicals that wreaks havoc on your joints. A word of caution - take garlic capsules with food to avoid untoward side effect.
6. Do not forget your vitamin B! Vitamin B can be very good for you, especially now that you suffer from arthritis. B3 Vitamin B6 plus small arteries dilate thereby increasing blood flow to affected joints to help reduce swelling. Folic acid plus vitamin B12, on the other hand, helps in the production of myelin (the protective covering of nerve) and prevent nerve damage.
7. Never underestimate the power of vitamin C! Vitamin C is one of the most powerful destroyer of free radicals. For best results, take 3000 to 10,000 mg (in divided doses) every day.
8. Take vitamin E - A daily supplement of 400 IU vitamin E use may also bring you great benefits. Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant that can take care of those damaging free radicals and can also assist in mobilizing your joint.
Artrhitis can occur due to infection or without infection. release of inflammatory mediators from leukocytes, chondrocytes, causing loss of proteoglycans and sinoviosit ektraselular cartilage matrix, resulting in damage to the bone. Damage and loss of collagen and chondroctes may lead to chenges that can not be returned.
There are 100 froms of arthritis. The most common form, namely osteoarthritis in the joints caused by trauma, infection in the joint, or age. Other Artitis namely rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and autoimmune diseases. Septic arthritis caused by infection of the joints.
Handling
1. Bring out the primrose oil. Take 2 capsules twice daily primrose oil can help control pain and inflammation caused by arthritis. You can also try salmon oil for this purpose - it exerts the same action as primrose oil.
2. Ever heard of superoxide dismutase? Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is a proven free radical destroyer. this may help in preventing the disease from getting worse.
3. Take supplements of calcium and magnesium - minerals are necessary to prevent further bone loss. For best results, take 2,000 milligrams of calcium and 1,000 milligrams of magnesium each day. It would be advisable to use a chelate from of this supplement - they are most effective.
4. Coenzyme Q10 - this has been shown to improve tissue oxygenation and assist in the repair of damaged connective tissue.
5. Try the garlic power - Take 2 adorless garlic capsules 3 times a day will greatly inhibit the formation of free radicals that wreaks havoc on your joints. A word of caution - take garlic capsules with food to avoid untoward side effect.
6. Do not forget your vitamin B! Vitamin B can be very good for you, especially now that you suffer from arthritis. B3 Vitamin B6 plus small arteries dilate thereby increasing blood flow to affected joints to help reduce swelling. Folic acid plus vitamin B12, on the other hand, helps in the production of myelin (the protective covering of nerve) and prevent nerve damage.
7. Never underestimate the power of vitamin C! Vitamin C is one of the most powerful destroyer of free radicals. For best results, take 3000 to 10,000 mg (in divided doses) every day.
8. Take vitamin E - A daily supplement of 400 IU vitamin E use may also bring you great benefits. Vitamin E is a powerful antioxidant that can take care of those damaging free radicals and can also assist in mobilizing your joint.
DISTURBANCE IN DIGESTION SYSTEM
Hepatitis
Hepatitis inflamation in heart because toxin, like chemistry or medicine and or infection cause agency. hepatitis that less than 6 month is called "acute hepatitis", hepatitis that more than 6 months is called" chronic hepatitis".
Hepatitis usually happen because virus, especially one of the fifth hepatitis virus, that is a, b, c, d, ore e. also can happen because another virus infection, like mononukleosis infeksiosa, yellow fever and infection sitomegalovirus.
hepatitis cause non-virus prima facie alcohol and medicines.
kind
1. Hepatitis Virus A
Hepatitis virus A especially scattered to pass faces. this distribution happens cleanliness level obsolence consequence. at bations blooms often happen epidemic the distribution happens to pass water and food.
2. Hepatitis Virus B
Virus transmission is not as easy as hepatitis A. Hepatitis B virus is transmitted through blood or blood products. Transmission usually occurs among drug users who use use needles together, or between sexual partners (both heterosexual and homosexual men). Pregnant woment infected with hepatitis B can transmit the virus to her baby during childbirth. Hepatitis B can be transmitted by healthy people who carry the hepatitis B virus In the Far East and Africa, several cases of hepatitis B develop chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis and liver cancer.
3. Hepatitis VirusC
Causing at least 80% of cases of hepatitis due to blood transfusion. Hepatitis C is most commonly transmitted through drug user who use needles together. Rarely occur through sexual transmission. For reasons still unclear, patiens' alcoholic liver disease"often suffer from hepatitis C.
4. Hepatitis VirusD
Only occurs as a co-infection of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis D virus cause hepatitis B infection becomes more severe. Which has a high risk of this virus ia a drug addict.
5. Hepatitis Virus E
Hepatitis virus e sometimes cause epidemic that resemble hepatitis , only happen at backward bations.
6. Hepatitis VirusG
New kind from hepatitis virus that deteksi recently.
Diarrhea
Diarrhea (or in coarse language is called menceret) (bm= mengarea; english= mengarrhea) a where sufferer experience stimulus defecate continual and feces or feses that still has water pregnancy overs do. At third world, diarrhea death cause most commonly children under five death, and also kill more than 1,5 million person per year.
This condition can be phenomenon from wound, disease, allergy (fructose, lactose), consume sour food, hot, or bersantan redundantly, and vitamin surplus c and usually espounsed stomachache, and oftentimes sick and vomit. There are some condition other that involve but not all diarrhea phenomenons, and medical official definition from diarrhea defekasi that exceeds 200 gram per day.
this matter happens when liquid fall short absorbed by large intestine. As part from process mengestasi, or because liquid input, food is mixed with a large amount of water. therefore food that digested to consist of liquid before achieve large intestine. large intestine absorbs water, leave other materials as dirt half solid.
When is large intestine broken/inflamed,absorption doesn't happen and the result have water dirt.
Diarrhea majority caused by several virus infections but also oftentimes effect (of) poison bakteria. In a acondition clean alive and with food suffices and water available, patient that well usually get over general virus infection in a few day and at longest one week. but for individual ill or lees nutrient, diarrhea can cause mortally dehydration and can mengancam-jiwa when carefree.
Diarrhea can be disease phenomenon serioser, like dysentery, cholera or botulisme, and also can be chronic syndrome indication like disease crohn. although appendicitis sufferer usually doesn't experience diarrhea, diaerrhae is intestine infection inflamed general phenomenon.
Also can be caused by alcohol consumption that over do, espencially in somebody insufficient eat. so when want to consuming alcohol better eat beforehand.
Treatment for diarrhea involves patient mengonsumsi amount of water that suffice to replace that, better when mixed with electrolyte to prepare salt that wanted and amount of nutrition. to many people, furthermore treatment and medikasi official is not wanted.
FRACTURES
Fractures/ Broken Bones
A fracture or broken bone is the breakdown of bone continuity and determined according to the type and extent of any cracks or fractures or bone is intact.A fracture is a problem these days is very much public attention, the current flows back and forth and back this year the feast of Eid many traffic accidents are very much a part his victims suffered a fracture. There are many unexpected natural events that cause a lot of fractures. Often for improper handling of these fractures may be due to a lack of information available there is an example that is fractured, but because of lack of information to deal masseges He went to the shaman, perhaps because the symptoms are similar to those of sprains.
Type of fracture
1. Complete fracture (complete fractures), fractures in the bones around the midline, broad and transverse. Usually accompanied by the displacement position of the bones.
2. Closed fracture (simple fracture), does not cause tearing of the skin, skin integrity is still intact.
3. open fracture (compound frakture / complicated / complex), a fracture with a wound in the skin (skin integrity is damaged and the bones protruding through the skin) or mucous membrane to the fracture. Open fracture was greded into:
4. Grade 1: clean the wound with a length of less than 1 cm.
5. Grade 2: the wider the wound without extensive soft tissue damage.
6. Grade 3: highly contaminated, and extensive soft tissue damage.
7. Greenstick, fracture where one side of the broken bone is the other side bends.
8. Transversely along the midline of the bone fracture.
9. Oblique, fractures from an angle with the center line of the bone.
10. Spiral, twisting around the shaft of bone fractures.
11. Komunitif, fractures with bone broken into several fragments.
12. Depression, fractures with a fracture frakmen pushed into the (often occurs in the skull and facial bones).
13. Compression, compression fracture where the bone (occurs in the spine).
14. Pathological, fractures that occur in areas of diseased bone (bone cyst, Paget, bone metastasis,tumor).
15. Avulsion, attraction of bone fragments by a ligament or tendon on will stick.
16. Epifisial, fracture through the epiphysis.
17. Impaction, fracture where the bone fragments driven into another bone fragment.
Handling
Open fracture prevention:
1. Treat as a gravity.
2. Initial evaluation and diagnosis of abnormalites that might be cause of death.
3. Give antibiotics in the emergency room, operating room and after surgery.
4. Immediately do a good debridement and irrigation.
5. Repeat debridement the next 24-72 hours.
6. Fracture stabilization.
7. Leave the wound open between 5-7 days.
8. Autogenous bone graft as soon as possible to do.
9. Rehabilitation of the affected limb.
Open fracture treatment stages:
1. Cleaning wounds.
2. Excision of dead tissue and presumed dead.
3. treat of fractures and determining the type of traction.
4. Skin closure.
5. Administration of antibiotics.
6. Prevention of tetanus.
Further treatment and rehabilitation of open fractures:
1. Eliminate pain.
2. Obtain and maintain adequate position and flagmen fracture.
3. Commercialize the union.
4. Restore optimal function to maintain muscle and joint function and prevention of complications.
5. Restore maximum function with physiotherapy.
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